Kidney transplantation in an adult with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia: A challenging case report and literature review

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Published Jun 23, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22551/2023.39.1002.10250
Tsampika-Vasileia N Kalamara http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-9983 Evangelia G Zarkada Efstratios D Kasimatis Athanasios G Kofinas Philippos I Klonizakis Efthymia C Vlachaki

Abstract

The markedly increased survival of transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia patients has led to the recognition of new complications, such as renal disorders. Kidney transplantation is nowadays the preferred treatment option for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). We describe a case of a 49-year-old woman with β-Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia, who developed ESKD as a result of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and received a deceased-donor kidney transplant following hemodialysis for over a decade. The particular challenges of this case are discussed, including the long-term survival in hemodialysis. Our patient had to overcome multiple obstacles, including hypercoagulability issues presented in the form of thromboembolism, infections, such as hepatitis C and gastroenteritis, and the acute T-cell–mediated rejection, which had to be managed postoperatively. A review of the current literature revealed only one previous report of a thalassemia patient who successfully underwent renal transplantation. More than a year after the transplantation our patient presents with a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR=62ml/min/1.73m2) and creatinine level (Cr=0.96mg/dL) and is transfused every 3 weeks. In conclusion, renal transplantation is possible in patients with TDT and should not be discouraged. Regular transfusions and optimal follow-up for the elimination of post-transplant complications are required.

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Keywords

renal transplantation, thalassemia, glomerulosclerosis, hemodialysis, case report

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How to Cite
Kalamara, T.-V. N., Zarkada, E. G., Kasimatis, E. D., Kofinas, A. G., Klonizakis, P. I., & Vlachaki, E. C. (2023). Kidney transplantation in an adult with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia: A challenging case report and literature review. Archive of Clinical Cases, 10(2), Arch Clin Cases. 2023;10(2):97-101. https://doi.org/10.22551/2023.39.1002.10250
Issue
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Section
Case Reports

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How to Cite

Kalamara, T.-V. N., Zarkada, E. G., Kasimatis, E. D., Kofinas, A. G., Klonizakis, P. I., & Vlachaki, E. C. (2023). Kidney transplantation in an adult with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia: A challenging case report and literature review. Archive of Clinical Cases, 10(2), Arch Clin Cases. 2023;10(2):97-101. https://doi.org/10.22551/2023.39.1002.10250